Gender-sensitive medicine is gaining importance: Different risk factors, different clinical presentations, and different health behaviors among men and women require that research and care be better tailored to these differences. But what is the situation within institutions? Medicine is male-dominated (in leadership roles), while nursing is female-dominated. The fact that we in Germany still tend to have a “healthcare policy” (Christian von Ferber) rather than a “health policy” may also be linked to a male-dominated perspective on high-performance medicine. On the other hand, the feminization of medicine has led to new care models, such as medical care centers, becoming increasingly popular. What, then, is the relevance of gender issues to health policy decisions? What can we learn about gender relations from the marginal role of prevention and health promotion, as well as from the differing positions of health professions? This lecture will attempt to address these questions in the form of theses and present empirical assessments for discussion.